IT Office Basics

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Basics of Data Arrangement and Access
The Data Hierarchy
Recall…8 bits => 1 byte => 1 character, num, symbol
Field - a logical grouping of characters into a word, a small group of words, or a complete number
Record - a logical grouping of related fields
File - a logical grouping of related records
Database - a logical grouping of related files

Data Management Terminology
Entity - a person, place, thing, or event about which information is maintained
Such as employee, customer, product
Records describe entities
Attribute - each characteristic or quality describing a particular entity
Such as employee name, customer id, product color
Fields describe attributes
Primary Key - field that uniquely identifies the record so that the record can be retrieved, updated and stored
Secondary Key - field does not identify the records uniquely, but can be used to form logical groups of records
the students last name doest uniquely identifies that student

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