What is Packet Data Networks

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There are a several different types of wide area packet data networks that can support integrated voice/fax traffic, with varying degrees of success. The principal data network technologies in use today are X.25, Frame Relay, ATM, SNA, Novell/IPX, TDM, and TCP/IP. Because TDM is not a packet technology, it is much less efficient than the other technologies, and is rapidly being replaced by them. X.25 and SNA, based on older packet technologies, are too slow and delay-prone to effectively carry voice and fax traffic. The Novell/IPX technology was designed primarily for LAN applications and does poorly in the WAN environment; it is quickly being replaced by TCP/IP.


The remaining packet technologies – Frame Relay, ATM, and TCP/IP – are the principal networking techniques companies use today to build new wide area data networks. Today’s WANs are constructed using leased lines running these three technologies, and using public data network services based on them. By a substantial margin, Frame Relay and TCP/IP are used the most, both over leased lines and as public data services.


ATM, Frame Relay, and TCP/IP are each able to carry voice and fax traffic. ATM has been designed from the beginning to carry voice/fax traffic, while Frame Relay and TCP/IP were originally designed to carry only data. Because adding voice and fax to Frame Relay and TCP/IP has been an ‘after market’ activity, there are areas of caution and even concern that must be addressed when building integrated WANs using Frame Relay or TCP/IP.

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